For any job above a few hundred pounds, a written agreement isn't just good practice — it's essential protection for both parties. Here's what to expect and what to insist on.

Why written agreements matter

A verbal agreement is legally binding in principle, but almost impossible to enforce in practice. If a dispute arises — over the scope of work, the quality of finish, or the final price — a written agreement is your evidence. Without one, it's your word against theirs.

What a contract should cover

• Full description of the work to be carried out
• Materials to be used, including brands or specifications where agreed
• Start date and estimated completion date
• Total price, including VAT
• Payment schedule — when each payment is due and how much
• What happens if the scope changes (a 'variation' clause)
• How disputes will be handled
• Cancellation terms for both parties

For smaller jobs, a detailed email exchange can serve as a written record. For larger projects, a formal contract document is worth the effort.

What's a reasonable deposit?

Deposits exist to cover the cost of materials ordered specifically for your job, and to give the tradesperson some security before committing time and resources. A reasonable deposit is typically 10–25% of the total job value for most work.

For bespoke or made-to-measure items — fitted kitchens, custom joinery, specialist flooring — a higher deposit may be justified because materials are ordered to specification and can't be returned. In these cases, up to 50% may be reasonable, but only once you have a signed agreement.

Staged payments for larger jobs

For significant projects, staged payments tied to milestones are the norm and protect both parties. You might pay a deposit, then a further payment when first fix is complete, another at second fix, and a final balance on completion. Never pay the full balance before the work is finished to your satisfaction.

Retention

On larger jobs, it's reasonable to hold back a small percentage — typically 5% — for a short period after completion (often 30 days). This gives you recourse if defects emerge shortly after the work is done. Not all tradespeople will agree to this, but it's worth raising on significant projects.

This advice is provided for general guidance only and does not constitute legal or professional advice. Always consult a qualified professional for your specific situation.